The review summaries the key issues considered at the meetings of the profile sections of the Scientific and Technical Council of NIIAS JSC in the first half of 2024. The existing problems are analyses and the tasks of future research in the key directions of scientific and technological development of the Institute are proposed. The issues related to the understanding of the Institute's management of the need for training of qualified personnel for maintenance and implementation of the latest intelligent systems of automation and diagnostics of infrastructure and rolling stock within the framework of development of the concept of digital railway station are highlighted. The results of the discussion of the concept, current state and prospects of unmanned aerial systems application in railway transport are presented. The issues considered during the scientificpractical seminar of IAMSH RAS-NIIAS are highlighted, as well as issues and tasks in the field of development of mechanisms for forecasting the condition of track infrastructure and approaches to the development of degradation model.

The article explores information communications in the railway sector. An analysis of the existing and modern functions of railway signaling is given. The need for the emergence of an information transport space is described. The content of the three main functions of the information transport space is revealed. An analysis of three communication levels of the European train traffic control system is given. The evolution of communication and control during the transition from level to level is shown. The content of the railway signaling control system is revealed, which uses telecommunications between the train and track equipment for traffic control and infrastructure control. The local purpose of a train signaling/control system is to prevent collisions as trains move along the railway tracks. The global goal of a communicationbased train control signaling system is to increase railway capacity by safely reducing the time interval between trains moving along the line.

The article presents an overview of examples of robotic inspection solutions for railways are given. It is noted that these solutions are still being researched and tested. To transition to commercial operation of inspection robots, it is proposed to conduct systemic studies to determine the best solutions according to the “cost-benefit” criterion, as well as to elaborate a comprehensive program for the development of standardized components for robotic inspection systems.

The article explores the main trend in the development of logistics intellectualization. The differentiation of logistics systems in specialized areas is noted. Common to many types of logistics is the automation and intellectualization of logistics processes. The development of modern transport logistics involves the use of information and geographic information technologies in addition to intellectual ones. The problem of “big data” is the motivation for the intellectualization of logistics. An analysis of the relationship between geoinformatics and logistics is given. The connection between logistics and spatial economics and economic geoinformatics is shown. The emergence of a special area of logistics geoinformatics has been noted. The issues of cost of logistics processes and technologies were studied. The content of three categories of logistics systems and technologies according to parameters is revealed. Methods for forming decisions with contradictory and consistent information are shown. The article introduces the concept of “intellectualization of logistics interaction.” A brief taxonomy of the development of logistics is given. The content of the main methods of intellectualization of logistics is revealed.

The article explores geodetic support for the development of transport infrastructure, including railways. The difference between geodetic support and geodetic support is shown. Geodetic support includes geoinformation support. Spatial monitoring is part of geodetic support. Spatial monitoring can be considered as a complex system. Geodetic support can be considered as a system of systems. It includes a spatial monitoring system, a geodetic support system and a geoinformation support system. Geodetic support ensures the sustainable functioning of transport infrastructure. Geodetic support is related to business geodesy and geoservice. When constructing tunnels, it is necessary to apply the concept of “dimensional geodata”. The content of geodetic support significantly depends on the level of management and technology development.

The article considers the systems of interval train control based on the technologies of moving block sections and virtual coupling. The features and differences of the technologies based on moving block sections and virtual coupling are revealed. The peculiarities of virtual coupling application are studied in detail in order to meet the minimum train interval and increase the throughput capacity on the sections of the railroad network. The article reveals seven main differences between VCC and PBU for interval control of railway transportation. It is stated that virtual coupling adds additional functionality to automatic train control systems by allowing two or more trains to be virtually coupled as part of a package.

The article analyzes the technology of operation and technical equipment of the large Russian railway marshalling yard Kochetovka I in modern and future conditions. After the implementation of the investment project "Electrification of the Kochetovka I Rtishchevo Section" by Russian Railways, a significant increase in transit car traffic without processing entering the odd system of the Kochetovka I station is forecasted. Proposals have been developed to improve the technical equipment and technology of the Kochetovka station to develop the promising size of train traffic. Proposals are given for the reconstruction of signaling devices, the implementation of which will ensure a higher level of reliability of technical means and minimize the risks of failures in the operation of devices.